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Wood constructional
Wood as a structural material (the bulk of the tree trunk) is used in many industries.
The main advantages of wood are:
- small proportion
- high specific strength
- ability to absorb shocks due to elasticity
- ease of processing
- вhigh heat, sound - and electrical properties
- good chemical resistance to certain acid gases
- capacity for bonding
- the ability to quickly connect with nails, screws.
Often used as construction materials such woods as pine, spruce, ash, beech, hornbeam, maple, birch, linden. Drying wet wood along the grain is 1 ... 0.2%, and across - 3 ... 5%.
The greater the density of the wood, so it is stronger. The density is 760 kg/m3 oak, linden - 530 kg/m3. Limit of tensile strength along the fiber is 130 MPa oak, linden - 115 MPa, and in compression - under 52 MPa and 36 MPa. In addition to the advantages of wood has a drawback, which is to limit its application. In the most serious deficiencies include: the ability to fast decay, low heat resistance, low modulus, heterogeneous structure.
To increase the resistance to decay of wood impregnated imprehnatamy in an autoclave under pressure, and applied to the surface (paint) paint and varnishes.
Depending on the processing method and form of the cross section of wood materials are divided into the following types: round building material, lumber, veneer, plywood and pressed wood.
Terraces - purpose and form
If you own a vacation home, the terrace is the best way for you to turn your site. On the terrace you can dine, sunbathe and relax with your family. Many people think that the terrace - it is an open area with fences, but in fact there is quite a large variety of terraces.
Multilevel projects terraces - a spectacular way to distinguish between an open area into several independent sectors. Guests and family members can relax at the same time on the same terrace, with a break into separate groups and do not interfere with each other. For example, kids can play alone, but stay in sight of, and young people can be separated from adults.
If for some reason there is no way to hold a terrace near the house, you can build a detached terrace. This project terrace has certain advantages: on the terrace vlashtovavaty noisy parties and listen to loud music while in the house other family members rest.
Roofs - rafter system
The main supporting structure is the roof rafter system. Rafters must withstand not only roofing, but also wind and snow loads. Typically, the basic elements of the roof truss system made of coniferous wood (no more than 20% humidity) and treated with special firebioresistance compositions.
Shipping to accept rafter system, there are permanent and temporary. By the time pressures include: people that go to the roof, equipment for service or repair, wind and snow load. Constant load - is the weight of the roof construction (roofing, trusses, insulation and insulation, as well as finishing the ceiling space).
As with all wood rafters before installation should mpryhnuvaty. Also pay attention to the moisture content. Of course air dry wood is not what, anyway it will take moisture from the atmosphere, but it is impossible to completely wet wood, drying can deform that no good will not.